Multi-mouth Traversable Wormholes

TL;DR

This paper constructs multi-mouth traversable wormholes in four-dimensional spacetime, exploring their quantum entanglement properties and how they can be traversed between any pair of mouths, with potential implications for quantum gravity.

Contribution

It introduces a novel method to create multi-mouth traversable wormholes supported by quantum fields and black holes, expanding the understanding of spacetime connectivity and entanglement.

Findings

Constructed wormholes with multiple mouths and specified fundamental groups.

Demonstrated that inserting black holes preserves traversability.

Linked wormhole traversability to multiparty entanglement in dual field theories.

Abstract

We describe the construction of traversable wormholes with multiple mouths in four spacetime dimensions and discuss associated quantum entanglement. Our wormholes may be traversed between any pair of mouths. In particular, in the three-mouth case they have fundamental group $F_2$ (the free group on two generators). By contrast, connecting three regions $A,B,C$ in pairs ($AB$, $BC$, and $AC$) using three separate wormholes would give fundamental group $F_3$. Our solutions are asymptotically flat up to the presence of possible magnetic fluxes or cosmic strings that extend to infinity. The construction begins with a two-mouth traversable wormhole supported by backreaction from quantum fields. Inserting a sufficiently small black hole into its throat preserves traversability between the original two mouths. This black hole is taken to be the mouth of another wormhole connecting the original throat to a new distant region of spacetime. Making the new wormhole traversable in a manner similar to the original two-mouth wormhole provides the desired causal connections. From a dual field theory point of view, when AdS asymptotics are added to our construction, multiparty entanglement may play an important role in the traversability of the resulting wormhole.