Demonstration of ultra-low noise equivalent power using a longitudinal proximity effect transition-edge sensor

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel transition-edge sensor (LoPE TES) with ultra-low noise equivalent power, achieving over 100 times better sensitivity than previous detectors, suitable for future space-based far-infrared astronomy missions.

Contribution

The development and characterization of a chemically-stable, mechanically-robust LoPE TES with unprecedented NEP performance for large-scale space detector arrays.

Findings

Measured electrical NEP of 8 x 10^{-22} W/√Hz

Achieved >100x improvement over previous TES detectors

Demonstrated suitability for ambitious space missions

Abstract

Future far-infrared astronomy missions will need large arrays of detectors with exceptionally low noise-equivalent power (NEP), with some mission concepts calling for thousands of detectors with NEPs below a few $\times 10^{-20}$ W/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. Though much progress has been made toward meeting this goal, such detector systems do not exist today. In this work, we present a device that offers a compelling path forward: the longitudinal proximity effect (LoPE) transition-edge sensor (TES). With a chemically-stable and mechanically-robust architecture, the LoPE TES we designed, fabricated, and characterized also exhibits unprecedented sensitivity, with a measured electrical NEP of $8 \times 10^{-22}$ W/$\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$. This represents a >100x advancement of the state-of-the-art, pushing TES detectors into the regime where they may be employed the achieve to goals of even the most ambitious large and cold future space instruments.