Quantum battery of interacting spins with environmental noise

TL;DR

This paper models a quantum battery using an interacting spin chain, demonstrating how coherent driving, thermal baths, and disorder influence energy storage, ergotropy, and phase transition effects.

Contribution

It introduces a spin chain quantum battery model with interactions and noise, revealing new insights into energy capacity and phase transition effects.

Findings

Thermal charging yields nonzero ergotropy in finite chains.

Nearest-neighbor interactions enhance energy storage and ergotropy.

Disorder increases the quantum battery's energy.

Abstract

A quantum battery is a temporary energy-storage system. We constructed the quantum battery model of an N-spin chain with nearest-neighbor hopping interaction and investigated the charging process of the quantum battery. We obtained the maximum energy in the quantum battery charged by a coherent cavity driving field or a thermal heat bath. We confirmed that for a finite-length spin chain, thermal charging results in a nonzero ergotropy, contradicting a previous result: that an incoherent heat source cannot charge a single-spin quantum battery. The nearest-neighbor hopping interaction induces energy band splitting, which enhances the energy storage and the ergotropy of the quantum battery. We found a critical point in the energy and ergotropy resulting from the ground-state quantum phase transition, after which the energy significantly enhance. Finally, we also found that disorder increased the energy of the quantum battery.