Spatial distributions of the fields in guided normal modes of two coupled parallel optical nanofibers

TL;DR

This paper investigates the spatial field distributions in guided normal modes of two coupled parallel optical nanofibers, revealing symmetry properties, mode characteristics, and differences between coupled mode theory and exact mode theory.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of field distributions and symmetry properties in coupled nanofibers, highlighting differences between theoretical approaches and effects of fiber non-identity.

Findings

Electric and magnetic field components exhibit opposite symmetry properties.

Electric intensity distribution varies between modes, with saddle points or minima at the fiber center.

Discrepancies between coupled mode theory and exact mode theory are significant at small fiber separations.

Abstract

We study the cross-sectional profiles and spatial distributions of the fields in guided normal modes of two coupled parallel optical nanofibers. We show that the distributions of the components of the field in a guided normal mode of two identical nanofibers are either symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to the radial principal axis and the tangential principal axis in the cross-sectional plane of the fibers. The symmetry of the magnetic field components with respect to the principal axes is opposite to that of the electric field components. We show that, in the case of even $\mathcal{E}_z$-cosine modes, the electric intensity distribution is dominant in the area between the fibers, with a saddle point at the two-fiber center. Meanwhile, in the case of odd $\mathcal{E}_z$-sine modes, the electric intensity distribution at the two-fiber center attains a local minimum of exactly zero. We find that the differences between the results of the coupled mode theory and the exact mode theory are large when the fiber separation distance is small and either the fiber radius is small or the light wavelength is large. We show that, in the case where the two nanofibers are not identical, the intensity distribution is symmetric about the radial principal axis and asymmetric about the tangential principal axis.