Improved Effective Dynamics of Loop-Quantum-Gravity Black Hole and Nariai Limit

TL;DR

This paper develops a new quantum black hole model using loop quantum gravity techniques, resolving singularities, predicting a Nariai limit, and exploring quantum tunneling and chaotic dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a spherical symmetric quantum black hole model with improved dynamics and analyzes its late-time Nariai limit and quantum tunneling effects.

Findings

Resolves black hole singularity with Planckian curvature.

Predicts black hole evolution reaching Nariai geometry.

Identifies chaotic perturbation dynamics with Lyapunov exponent.

Abstract

We propose a new model of the spherical symmetric quantum black hole in the reduced phase space formulation. We deparametrize gravity by coupling to the Gaussian dust which provides the material coordinates. The foliation by dust coordinates covers both the interior and exterior of the black hole. After the spherical symmetry reduction, our model is a 1+1 dimensional field theory containing infinitely many degrees of freedom. The effective dynamics of the quantum black hole is generated by an improved physical Hamiltonian ${\bf H}_\Delta$ where the holonomy correction is implemented by the $\bar{\mu}$-scheme regularization with a Planckian area scale $\Delta$. The effective dynamics recovers the semiclassical Schwarzschild geometry at low curvature regime and resolves the black hole singularity with Planckian curvature. Our model predicts that the evolution of the black hole at late time reaches the charged Nariai geometry ${\rm dS}_2\times S^2$ with Planckian radii. The Nariai geometry is stable under linear perturbations but may be unstable by nonperturbative quantum effects. Our model suggests the existence of quantum tunneling of the Nariai geometry and a scenario of black-hole-to-white-hole transition. During the transition, the linear perturbations exhibit chaotic dynamics with Lyapunov exponent $\lambda=2\pi T_{\rm dS}\sim \Delta^{-1/2}$ relating to the Hawking temperature $T_{\rm dS}$ of ${\rm dS}_2$. In addition, the Nariai geometry in our model provides an interesting example of Wheeler's bag of gold and contains infinitely many infrared soft modes with zero energy density. These infrared modes span a Hilbert space carrying a representation of 1-dimensional spatial diffeomorphisms (or the Witt/Virasoro algebra) which are conserved charges of the effective dynamics by ${\bf H}_\Delta$.