Feasibility Assessment of a Cost-Effective Two-Wheel Kian-I Mobile Robot for Autonomous Navigation

TL;DR

This research presents the design, control architecture, and experimental validation of a cost-effective two-wheeled mobile robot, Kian-I, for autonomous navigation, suitable for educational and experimental purposes.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel, low-cost two-wheeled robot with a combined path planning and trajectory control system using B-spline curves and PSO, validated through simulations and experiments.

Findings

Kian-I successfully navigates autonomously in various scenarios.

The control architecture effectively reduces path tracking errors.

The robot serves as a benchmark for testing mobile robot algorithms.

Abstract

A two-wheeled mobile robot, namely Kian-I, is designed and prototyped in this research. The Kian-I is comparable with Khepera-IV in terms of dimensional specifications, mounted sensors, and performance capabilities and can be used for educational purposes and cost-effective experimental tests. A motion control architecture is designed for Kian-I in this study to facilitate accurate navigation for the robot in an immersive environment. The implemented control structure consists of two main components of the path recommender system and trajectory tracking controller. Given partial knowledge about the operation field, the path recommender system adopts B-spline curves and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine a collision-free path curve with translational velocity constraint. The provided optimal reference path feeds into the trajectory tracking controller enabling Kian-I to navigate autonomously in the operating field. The trajectory tracking module eliminate the error between the desired path and the followed trajectory through controlling the wheels' velocity. To assess the feasibility of the proposed control architecture, the performance of Kian-I robot in autonomous navigation from any arbitrary initial pose to a target of interest is evaluated through numerous simulation and experimental studies. The experimental results demonstrate the functional capacities and performance of the prototyped robot to be used as a benchmark for investigation and verification of various mobile robot algorithms in the laboratory environment.