Transverse expansion of (1 + 2) dimensional magneto-hydrodynamics flow with longitudinal boost invariance

TL;DR

This study explores how an external magnetic field influences the transverse expansion of a (1+2)D magneto-hydrodynamic fluid, modeling quark-gluon plasma dynamics in heavy-ion collisions.

Contribution

It introduces a model of inhomogeneous magnetic field effects on (1+2)D boost-invariant fluid expansion with azimuthal symmetry, providing new insights into magnetic influence on QGP evolution.

Findings

Magnetic field affects the space-time evolution of the fluid.

Transverse velocity and energy density corrections impact particle spectra.

Results align with experimental data on heavy-ion collisions.

Abstract

In the present work, we investigate the effects of magnetic field on expanding hot and dense nuclear matter as an ideal fluid. We consider QGP, on the particular case of a (1 + 2) dimensional longitudinally boost-invariant fluid expansion, in the background of an inhomogeneous magnetic field that is generated by external sources. We assume the magnetic field points in the direction perpendicular to the reaction plane, follows the power-law decay in proper time, and has two components on the transverse plane. To simplify the calculation, we suppose the investigated fluid has azimuthal symmetry, and magneto-hydrodynamic equations are described in a polar coordinate system on the transverse plane of reaction. Our results depict the space-time evolution of the transverse expansion of the fluid in the presence of an inhomogeneous external magnetic field. Ultimately, we utilize transverse velocity and correction of energy density to estimate the transverse momentum spectrum of final particles that emerge from heavy-ion collisions based on experimental data.