Distributed Optimization using Reduced Network Equivalents for Radial Power Distribution Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a scalable distributed optimization method for radial power distribution systems that significantly reduces communication rounds by leveraging network equivalents, achieving convergence to the centralized optimal power flow solution.

Contribution

A novel distributed optimization approach based on Equivalent Network Approximation (ENApp) that exploits radial topology to minimize communication rounds in power distribution systems.

Findings

Reduces macro-iterations by an order of magnitude.

Converges to the same solution as centralized OPF.

Validated on IEEE test systems with successful results.

Abstract

The limitations of centralized optimization methods for power systems operation have led to the distributed computing paradigm, particularly in power distribution systems. The existing techniques reported in recent literature for solving distributed optimization problems are not viable for power distribution systems applications. The essential drawback remains a large number of required communication rounds, i.e., macro-iterations among the computing agents to solve one instance of the optimization problem; the typical number of macro-iterations are in the order of 10^2~10^3. In this paper, a new and scalable distributed optimization method based on Equivalent Network Approximation (ENApp) is proposed to solve optimal power flow (OPF) for a balanced radial distribution system. Specifically, the distribution system's radial topology is leveraged to reduce the decomposed systems into upstream and downstream network equivalents. The proposed innovations reduce the required number of macro-iterations/communication-rounds for convergence by order of magnitude. The approach is validated using IEEE 123-bus and IEEE 8500-node test systems and is shown to converge to the same optimal solution as obtained using an equivalent centralized OPF (C-OPF) model.