Charge fractionalization beyond the Luttinger liquid paradigm: an analytical consideration

TL;DR

This paper analytically investigates the complex fractionalization phenomena in a nonlinear Fermi liquid, revealing a richer splitting behavior than in linear models, with detailed analysis and semiclassical interpretation.

Contribution

It provides an analytical framework for understanding density fractionalization beyond the Luttinger liquid paradigm with nonlinear dispersion.

Findings

Density splits into three humps instead of two

Fractionalization patterns are more complex with nonlinear spectra

Semiclassical interpretation of fractionalization phenomena

Abstract

In this paper, we consider analytically the density evolution of a spinless Fermi liquid with a nonlinear dispersion relation into which one particle is injected. The interaction is point-like and the temperature is zero. We obtain a formula for the evolution of the density and discuss the picture it gives as well as the physics behind it. Compared to the case of a linear spectrum, we find further and more complex fractionalization of the initial density hump: it splits into three humps instead of two, moreover, all three change their shapes in a complicated manner. We analyze the mechanisms of these phenomena and calculate their main characteristics. We also show that the fractionalization can be illustrated from a semiclassical point of view.