Breakup of rotating asymmetric quartic-quadratic trapped condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates the conditions under which rotating asymmetric quartic-quadratic trapped condensates split into fragments or form giant vortices, comparing Thomas-Fermi and Gross-Pitaevskii methods.

Contribution

It demonstrates the effectiveness of the Thomas-Fermi approximation in predicting critical rotational conditions and vortex distributions in asymmetric condensates.

Findings

TF approach accurately predicts condensate contours at high rotation

Critical conditions for condensate breakup are reliably established by TF

Feynman rule applies well to vortex distributions in asymmetric traps

Abstract

The threshold conditions for a rotating pancake-like asymmetric quartic-quadratic confined condensate to break in two localized fragments, as well as to produce giant vortex at the center within the vortex-pattern distributions, are investigated within the Thomas-Fermi (TF) approximation and exact numerical solution of the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) formalism. By comparing the TF predictions with exact GP solutions, in our investigation with two different quartic-quadratic trap geometries, of particular relevance is to observe that the TF approach is not only very useful to display the averaged density distribution, but also quite realistic in establishing the critical rotational conditions for the breakup occurrence and possible giant-vortex formation. It provides almost exact results to define the contour of the condensate distribution, even for high rotating system, after the system split in two (still confined) clouds. The applicability of the Feynman rule to the vortex distribution (full-numerical GP solutions) is also being confirmed for these non-homogeneous asymmetric trap configurations. This study is expected to be relevant for manipulating the rotation and trap parameters in addition to Feshbach resonance techniques. It can also be helpful to define initial conditions for any further studies on dynamical evolution of vortex pattern distributions.