Thermal Analysis of PEM Fuel Cell and Lithium Ion Battery Pack in Confined Space

TL;DR

This paper conducts a thermal analysis of a PEM fuel cell and lithium-ion battery pack in confined spaces, examining temperature variations due to different discharge rates and voltages using COMSOL software.

Contribution

It provides detailed thermal behavior insights of PEM-LIB hybrid systems in constrained geometries, highlighting temperature rise factors.

Findings

Temperature increase of LIB pack ranged from 0.03-0.6°C at 4C rate.

LIB temperature rises with higher C rates.

LIB temperature increases when placed near PEM cell.

Abstract

Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) have carved a niche in the industry. HESS improve the system efficiency, reduce the overall cost and increase the lifespan of the system. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is hybridized with Li-ion batteries (LIB) for vehicular applications, robotic applications etc. In applications which have geometrical space constraints, the temperature of the energy storage elements is influenced by convective heat transfer. In this paper the thermal analysis of the geometry of PEM-LIB hybrid system is carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics Software package for different discharge rates (C rates) of the LIB and different voltages of the PEM cell. The additional rise in temperature of the LIB pack when placed in close proximity with PEM cell was in the range of 0.03-0.6$^0$C at 4C. The cell temperature of the LIB pack increased with increase in C rate and decrease in PEM cell voltage.