Dynamical generation of solitons in one-dimensional Fermi superfluids with and without spin-orbit coupling

TL;DR

This paper develops a systematic method to generate and study stable solitons in one-dimensional Fermi superfluids, including those with spin-orbit coupling, using phase-imprinting techniques and simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized language for phase-imprinting and demonstrates its effectiveness in creating stable solitons in various Fermi superfluid states, including topological phases.

Findings

Successfully generates stable dark and gray solitons in Fermi superfluids.

Feasible to create stable dark solitons in both BCS and topological states.

Method validated through simulations of time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations.

Abstract

We theoretically generalize a systematic language to describe the phase-imprinting technique to investigate the dynamical generation of solitons in a one-dimensional Raman-type spin-orbit-coupled Fermi superfluid. We check our method with the simulation of time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations and find that our method not only can generate stable dark and even gray solitons in a conventional Fermi superfluid by controlling the transferred phase jump but also is feasible to create a stable dark soliton in both BCS and topological states of a spin-orbit-coupled Fermi superfluid. We also discuss the physical implication of our method.