Soft x-ray detection for small satellites with a commercial CMOS sensor at room temperature

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that a commercial CMOS sensor can effectively detect soft x-rays at room temperature with high energy resolution and radiation tolerance, making it suitable for small satellite applications.

Contribution

It shows that a commercial CMOS sensor can perform soft x-ray detection with high resolution and radiation resistance, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional detectors.

Findings

Energy resolution of 48 eV at 250 eV

Radiation tolerance up to 17.1 krad

Comparable performance to specialized x-ray detectors

Abstract

Recently CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) sensors have progressed to a point where they may offer improved performance in imaging x-ray detection compared to the CCDs often used in x-ray satellites. We demonstrate x-ray detection in the soft x-ray band (250-1700 eV) by a commercially available back-illuminated Sony IMX290LLR CMOS sensor using the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory. While operating the device at room temperature, we measure energy resolutions (FWHM) of 48 eV at 250 eV and 83 eV at 1700 eV which are comparable to the performance of the Chandra ACIS and the Suzaku XIS. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the IMX290LLR can withstand radiation up to 17.1 krad, making it suitable for use on spacecraft in low earth orbit.