One-Way Functions Imply Secure Computation in a Quantum World

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that quantum-hard one-way functions enable secure quantum computation by constructing extractable quantum commitments and secure oblivious transfer, advancing the theoretical foundations of quantum cryptography.

Contribution

It introduces a construction of quantum bit commitments from quantum-hard one-way functions and shows how to achieve secure quantum oblivious transfer in the standard model.

Findings

Quantum-hard one-way functions imply secure quantum oblivious transfer.

Constructed extractable and equivocal quantum bit commitments from these functions.

Achieved simulation-secure quantum oblivious transfer using the Crépeau-Kilian framework.

Abstract

We prove that quantum-hard one-way functions imply simulation-secure quantum oblivious transfer (QOT), which is known to suffice for secure computation of arbitrary quantum functionalities. Furthermore, our construction only makes black-box use of the quantum-hard one-way function. Our primary technical contribution is a construction of extractable and equivocal quantum bit commitments based on the black-box use of quantum-hard one-way functions in the standard model. Instantiating the Cr\'epeau-Kilian (FOCS 1988) framework with these commitments yields simulation-secure QOT.