Emergent quasiparticles in Euclidean tilings

TL;DR

This paper systematically characterizes 1255 Euclidean plane tilings, revealing common features like high-degeneracy points, exotic quasiparticles, and flat bands, aiding the discovery of new 2D materials with unique properties.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive classification and analysis of all k-uniform Euclidean tilings, uncovering their intrinsic properties and potential for novel quasiparticle phenomena.

Findings

High-degeneracy points are common in these tilings.

Exotic quasiparticles are present across many tilings.

Flat bands frequently occur in the classified tilings.

Abstract

Material's geometrical structure is a fundamental part of their properties. The honeycomb geometry of graphene is responsible for the arising of its Dirac cone, while the kagome and Lieb lattice hosts flat bands and pseudospin-1 Dirac dispersion. These features seem to be particular for few 2D systems rather than a common occurrence. Given this correlation between structure and properties, exploring new geometries can lead to unexplored states and phenomena. Kepler is the pioneer of the mathematical tiling theory, describing ways of filing the euclidean plane with geometrical forms in its book {\it Harmonices Mundi}. In this letter, we characterize $1255$ lattices composed of the euclidean plane's k-uniform tiling, with its intrinsic properties unveiled - this class of arranged tiles present high-degeneracy points, exotic quasiparticles, and flat bands as a common feature. Here, we present aid for experimental interpretation and prediction of new 2D systems.