Influence of shear rate and surface chemistry on thrombus formation in micro-crevice

TL;DR

This study investigates how shear rate and surface chemistry affect thrombus formation in micro-crevices within blood-contacting devices, using numerical modeling to inform better device design and reduce thrombosis risk.

Contribution

It introduces a multi-constituent numerical model that simulates thrombus formation considering flow dynamics and surface chemistry, aligning with experimental observations.

Findings

Flow and shear rate significantly influence platelet deposition.

Surface chemistry alters thrombus formation patterns.

Numerical model accurately reproduces experimental platelet deposition.

Abstract

Thromboembolic complications remain a central issue in management of patients on mechanical circulatory support. Despite the best practices employed in design and manufacturing of modern ventricular assist devices, complexity and modular nature of these systems often introduces internal steps and crevices in the flow path which can serve as nidus for thrombus formation. Thrombotic potential is influenced by multiple factors including the characteristics of the flow and surface chemistry of the biomaterial. This study explored these elements in the setting of blood flow over a micro-crevice using a multi-constituent numerical model of thrombosis. The simulations reproduced the platelet deposition patterns observed experimentally and elucidated the role of flow, shear rate, and surface chemistry in shaping the deposition. The results offer insights for design and operation of blood-contacting devices.