Aspects of Bose-Einstein condensation in a charged boson system over the dielectric surface

TL;DR

This paper theoretically investigates the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates in a charged boson system over a dielectric surface, highlighting spatial separation of components and developing a self-consistent field approach.

Contribution

It introduces a combined quasiclassical and quantum-mechanical formalism to analyze Bose-Einstein condensation in charged systems near dielectric surfaces.

Findings

Prediction of Bose-Einstein condensate formation in charged boson gases

Identification of spatial separation between thermal and condensate components

Development of a self-consistent-field theoretical framework

Abstract

We study theoretically a gas consisting of charged bosons (ions) over the flat dielectric surface at low temperatures and its tendency to form a state with a Bose-Einstein condensate. For the stability of a system, an additional external electric field, which keeps charges at the dielectric surface, is introduced. The formalism is developed in the framework of a self-consistent-field approach, which combines the quasiclassical description in terms of the Wigner distribution functions and the quantum-mechanical approach by employing the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We predict a formation of the state with a Bose-Einstein condensate and determine the near-critical physical characteristics of the system. It is shown that the thermal and condensate components become spatially separated under these conditions. We discuss the limitations of the developed semiclassical approach and prospects for the pure quantum-mechanical treatment of the problem.