A universal simulating framework for quantum key distribution systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a universal, realistic simulation framework for quantum key distribution systems that accurately models optical device imperfections and system structures, aiding design and optimization.

Contribution

The authors develop a flexible, event-driven simulation framework based on quantum operator descriptions, capable of modeling arbitrary QKD systems with realistic device imperfections.

Findings

Simulation results match theoretical predictions

Framework effectively models single-photon and HOM interference units

Supports arbitrary QKD system design and optimization

Abstract

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a physical-based way to conciliate keys between remote users securely. Simulation is an essential method for designing and optimizing QKD systems. We develop a universal simulation framework based on quantum operator descriptions of photon signals and optical devices. The optical devices can be freely combined and driven by the photon excitation events, which make it appropriate for arbitrary QKD systems in principle. Our framework focuses on realistic characters of optical devices and system structures. The imperfections of the devices and the non-local properties of a quantum system are taken into account when modeling. We simulate the single-photon and Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference optical units, which are fundamental of QKD systems. The results using this event-driven framework agree well with the theoretical results, which indicate its feasibility for QKD.