Potential well theory for the derivative nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation

TL;DR

This paper extends potential well theory to a generalized derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation, establishing a mass threshold for global existence and characterizing soliton structures, generalizing known results for the classical DNLS.

Contribution

It introduces a mass condition for the generalized equation, linking it to the classical DNLS threshold, and characterizes the potential well structure and solitons.

Findings

Mass threshold corresponds to 4π for DNLS

Characterization of solitons via potential well theory

Global existence for initial data below mass threshold

Abstract

We consider the following nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation of derivative type: \begin{equation}i \partial_t u + \partial_x^2 u +i |u|^{2} \partial_x u +b|u|^4u=0 , \quad (t,x) \in \mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}, \ b \in\mathbb{R}. \end{equation} If $b=0$, this equation is known as a gauge equivalent form of well-known derivative nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation (DNLS), which is mass critical and completely integrable. The equation can be considered as a generalized equation of DNLS while preserving mass criticality and Hamiltonian structure. For DNLS it is known that if the initial data $u_0\in H^1(\mathbb{R})$ satisfies the mass condition $\| u_0\|_{L^2}^2 <4\pi$, the corresponding solution is global and bounded. In this paper we first establish the mass condition on the equation for general $b\in\mathbb{R}$, which is exactly corresponding to $4\pi$-mass condition for DNLS, and then characterize it from the viewpoint of potential well theory. We see that the mass threshold value gives the turning point in the structure of potential wells generated by solitons. In particular, our results for DNLS give a characterization of both $4\pi$-mass condition and algebraic solitons.