Extracting non-local inter-polaron interactions from collisional dynamics

TL;DR

This paper introduces an experimental approach to infer non-local interactions between impurities in ultracold atomic gases by analyzing the dynamics of polaron collisions, supported by numerical simulations.

Contribution

It presents a new method to deduce non-local polaron interactions from collision dynamics using quantum simulations and the WKB approximation.

Findings

Potential of induced interactions can be extracted from wave packet profiles.

Numerical simulations confirm the feasibility of the method.

Quantum potential balances the induced interaction potential under certain conditions.

Abstract

This study develops a novel experimental method of deducing the profile of interaction induced between impurities in a trapped gas of ultracold Fermi/Bose atoms, which are often referred to as Fermi/Bose polarons. In this method, we consider a two-body Fermi/Bose polaron collision experiment in which impurities and atoms interact only weakly. Numerical simulations of the quantum dynamics reveal the possibility to obtain information regarding the non-local induced interaction between two polarons from a measured profile of the polaron wave packet at several snapshots. This is because the potential of the induced interaction is well balanced by the quantum potential whenever the WKB approximation for the relevant Schr\"{o}dinger equation is applicable.