Existence and uniqueness of weak solution in $W^{1,2+\varepsilon}$ for elliptic equation with drifts in weak-$L^{n}$ spaces

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions in a specific Sobolev space for elliptic equations with singular drifts in weak-$L^{n}$ spaces, extending classical results to less regular coefficients.

Contribution

It establishes the first rigorous existence and uniqueness results for elliptic equations with drifts in weak-$L^{n}$ spaces within a Sobolev space framework.

Findings

Existence and uniqueness of weak solutions in $W^{1,2+ ext{ε}}_0( ext{Ω})$.

Unique solvability for a broad class of right-hand side functions.

Extension of classical elliptic theory to singular drift coefficients.

Abstract

We consider the following Dirichlet problems for elliptic equations with singular drift $\mathbf{b}$: \[ \text{(a) } -\operatorname{div}(A \nabla u)+\operatorname{div}(u\mathbf{b})=f,\quad \text{(b) } -\operatorname{div}(A^T \nabla v)-\mathbf{b} \cdot \nabla v =g \quad \text{in } \Omega, \] where $\Omega$ is a bounded Lipschitz domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$. Assuming that $\mathbf{b}\in L^{n,\infty}(\Omega)^n$ has non-negative weak divergence in $\Omega$, we establish existence and uniqueness of weak solution in $W^{1,2+\varepsilon}_0(\Omega)$ of the problem (b) when $A$ is bounded and uniformly elliptic. As an application, we prove unique solvability of weak solution $u$ in $\bigcap_{q<2} W^{1,q}_0(\Omega)$ for the problem (a) for every $f\in \bigcap_{q<2} W^{-1,q}(\Omega)$.