Cell dynamics simulations of coupled charge and magnetic phase transformation in correlated oxides

TL;DR

This study uses large-scale cell dynamics simulations to explore the coupled charge and magnetic phase transitions in correlated oxides, revealing a two-stage coarsening process and unique domain-wall decay dynamics relevant to nickelates.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical analysis of coupled charge-magnetic phase transitions, highlighting a two-stage ordering process and domain-wall decay mechanisms in correlated oxides.

Findings

Magnetic domain growth follows the Allen-Cahn law.

Phase transition dynamics align with Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami theory.

Domain-wall decay initiates the transition to the paramagnetic phase.

Abstract

We present a comprehensive numerical study on the kinetics of phase transition that is characterized by two non-conserved scalar order parameters coupled by a special linear-quadratic interaction. This particular Ginzburg-Landau theory has been proposed to describe the coupled charge- and magnetic transition in nickelates and the collinear stripe phase in cuprates. The inhomogeneous state of such systems at low temperatures consists of magnetic domains separated by quasi-metallic domain-walls where the charge-order is reduced. By performing large-scale cell dynamics simulations, we find a two-stage phase-ordering process in which a short period of independent evolution of the two order parameters is followed by a correlated coarsening process. The long-time growth and coarsening of magnetic domains is shown to follow the Allen-Cahn power law. We further show that the nucleation-and-growth dynamics during phase transformation to the ordered states is well described by the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami theory in two dimensions. On the other hand, the presence of quasi-metallic magnetic domain walls in the ordered states gives rise to a very different kinetics for phase transition to the high temperature paramagnetic phase. In this new scenario, the phase transformation is initiated by the decay of magnetic domain walls into two insulator-metal boundaries, which subsequently move away from each other. Implications of our findings to recent nano-imaging experiments on nickelates are also discussed.