Bridging the Gap Between Diabetes and Stroke in Search of High Clinical Relevance Therapeutic Targets

TL;DR

This paper reviews shared mechanisms between diabetes and stroke, emphasizing the need to explore common therapeutic targets to improve clinical outcomes and develop neuroprotective strategies.

Contribution

It highlights the importance of understanding common mechanistic features of diabetes and stroke to identify novel therapeutic targets.

Findings

Shared mechanistic pathways identified in both diseases

Potential neuroprotective targets for combined treatment

Emphasis on integrating comorbidity in pre-clinical studies

Abstract

Diabetes affects more than 425 million people worldwide, a scale approaching pandemic proportion. Diabetes represents a major risk factor for stroke, and therefore is actively addressed for stroke prevention. However, how diabetes affects stroke severity has not yet been extensively considered, which is surprising given the evident but understudied common mechanistic features of both pathologies. The increase in number of diabetic people, in the incidence of stroke in presence of this specific risk factor, and the exacerbation of ischemic brain damage in diabetic conditions (at least in animal models) warrant the need to integrate this comorbidity in pre-clinical studies of brain ischemia to develop novel therapeutic approaches. Therefore, a better understanding of the commonalties involved in the course of both diseases would offer the promise of discovering novel neuroprotective pathways that would be more appropriated to clinical situations. In this article, we will review the relevant mechanisms that have been identified as common traits of both pathologies and that could be to our knowledge, potential targets for both pathologies.