Improved two-point correlation function estimates using glass-like distributions as a reference sample

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel method using glass-like point distributions as reference samples to improve the accuracy and reduce the computational cost of two-point correlation function estimates in large-scale structure surveys.

Contribution

It proposes a new approach replacing random catalogues with glass-like distributions, enhancing efficiency and accuracy in correlation function estimation.

Findings

Glass catalogues reduce variance in correlation estimates.

Using glass catalogues requires fewer points for the same accuracy.

The method maintains unbiased results compared to traditional random samples.

Abstract

All estimators of the two-point correlation function are based on a random catalogue, a set of points with no intrinsic clustering following the selection function of a survey. High-accuracy estimates require the use of large random catalogues, which imply a high computational cost. We propose to replace the standard random catalogues by glass-like point distributions or glass catalogues, which are characterized by a power spectrum $P(k)\propto k^4$ and exhibit significantly less power than a Poisson distribution with the same number of points on scales larger than the mean inter-particle separation. We show that these distributions can be obtained by iteratively applying the technique of Zeldovich reconstruction commonly used in studies of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). We provide a modified version of the widely used Landy-Szalay estimator of the correlation function adapted to the use of glass catalogues and compare its performance with the results obtained using random samples. Our results show that glass-like samples do not add any bias with respect to the results obtained using Poisson distributions. On scales larger than the mean inter-particle separation of the glass catalogues, the modified estimator leads to a significant reduction of the variance of the Legendre multipoles $\xi_\ell(s)$ with respect to the standard Landy-Szalay results with the same number of points. The size of the glass catalogue required to achieve a given accuracy in the correlation function is significantly smaller than when using random samples. Even considering the small additional cost of constructing the glass catalogues, their use could help to drastically reduce the computational cost of configuration-space clustering analysis of future surveys while maintaining high-accuracy requirements.