High-dimensional Schwarzschild black holes in scalar-tensor-vector gravity theory

TL;DR

This paper derives a high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole solution in scalar-tensor-vector gravity, analyzing how parameters affect horizons, Hawking temperature, quasinormal modes, shadow radius, and evaporation rate, revealing complex dependencies on theory deviations and dimensions.

Contribution

It provides the first high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole solution in STVG and explores how parameters influence physical properties like quasinormal modes and shadows.

Findings

Increasing parameter α slows scalar wave decay and black hole evaporation.

Higher spacetime dimensions accelerate scalar wave decay and evaporation.

Parameter α increases shadow radius, while higher dimensions decrease it.

Abstract

We obtain a high-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole solution in the scalar-tensor-vector gravity (STVG), and then analyze the influence of parameter $\alpha$ associated with a deviation of the STVG theory from General Relativity on event horizons and Hawking temperature. We calculate the quasinormal mode frequencies of massless scalar field perturbations for the high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole by using the sixth-order WKB approximation method and the unstable null geodesic method in the eikonal limit. The results show that the increase of parameter $\alpha$ makes the scalar waves decay slowly, while the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the scalar waves decay fast. In addition, we study the influence of parameter $\alpha$ on the shadow radius of this high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole and find that the increase of parameter $\alpha$ makes the black hole shadow radius increase, but the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the black hole shadow radius decrease. Finally, we investigate the energy emission rate of the high-dimensional Schwarzschild STVG black hole, and find that the increase of parameter $\alpha$ makes the evaporation process slow, while the increase of the spacetime dimension makes the process fast.