Some experimental schemes to identify quantum spin liquids

TL;DR

This paper reviews experimental schemes like thermal Hall transport and spectrum measurements to identify quantum spin liquids, providing theoretical predictions for square lattice candidates and emphasizing signatures beyond traditional indicators.

Contribution

It introduces novel experimental approaches and theoretical predictions for detecting quantum spin liquids, applicable across various lattice geometries.

Findings

Proposes thermal Hall transport as a signature of spin liquids.

Predicts spectrum features indicative of spin liquids.

Highlights mechanisms behind experimental signatures.

Abstract

Despite the apparent ubiquity and variety of quantum spin liquids in theory, experimental confirmation of spin liquids remains to be a huge challenge. Motivated by the recent surge of evidences for spin liquids in a series of candidate materials, we highlight the experimental schemes, involving the thermal Hall transport and spectrum measurements, that can result in smoking-gun signatures of spin liquids beyond the usual ones. For clarity, we investigate the square lattice spin liquids and theoretically predict the possible phenomena that may emerge in the corresponding spin liquids candidates. The mechanisms for these signatures can be traced back to either the intrinsic characters of spin liquids or the external field-driven behaviors. Our conclusion does not depend on the geometry of lattices and can broadly apply to other relevant spin liquids.