Timing and emission variation of PSR J1733-3716

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the timing noise and emission variability of PSR J1733-3716 over 15 years, revealing spin frequency fluctuations, profile changes, and mode switching, with no clear link between spin-down and emission changes.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of long-term timing noise and emission mode variability in PSR J1733-3716, including detection of weak emission states and profile fluctuations.

Findings

Spin frequency fluctuates with an amplitude of 1.94×10⁻⁹ Hz.

Weak emission states account for 63% of observations with power-law duration distribution.

No clear correlation between spin-down rate variations and emission profile changes.

Abstract

We present analysis of the timing noise in PSR J1733-3716, which combines data from Parkes 64-m radio telescope and nearly 15 years of timing data obtained from the Nanshan 25-m radio telescope. The variations in the spin frequency and frequency derivative are determined. The fluctuation in the spin frequency is obvious with an amplitude of 1.94(7)*10 -9 Hz. Variations of the integrated profile at 1369 MHz are detected with the changes occur in the relative peak intensity from the right profile component. From analysis of the single pulse data at 1382 MHz, we detect weak emission states that account for 63% of the whole data, and its duration distribution can be fitted with a power law. The pulsar also exhibits strong emission states, during which the emission shows multiple modes. This includes the normal mode, left mode and the right mode, with the time scales spanning between one and seventeen pulse periods. Such short term variability in pulses contributes to the variation of the integrated profile. Examination of the correlations between the spin parameters and the integrated profiles shows likelihood of a random distribution, which reveals that there is probably no obvious relationship between spin-down rate variations and changes of emission in this pulsar.