Surface Tension: Accelerated Expansion, Coincidence Problem & Hubble Tension

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel physical explanation for the Universe's accelerated expansion and Hubble tension by considering surface forces and energy conservation, avoiding exotic matter or modifications to Einstein's equations.

Contribution

It introduces a new effect based on surface forces affecting spacetime, providing explanations for dark energy and the coincidence problem without new particles or modified gravity.

Findings

Modified dynamical equations consistent with astrophysical data

No need for exotic dark energy particles

Clarifies the cosmological coincidence problem

Abstract

In this paper we give a physical explanation to the accelerated expansion of the Universe, alleviating the tension between the discrepancy of Hubble constant measurements. By the Euler Cauchy stress principle, we identify a controversy on the lack of consideration of the surface forces contemplated in the study of the expansion of the Universe. We distinguish a new effect that modifies the spacetime fabric by means of the energy conservation equation. The resulting dynamical equations from the proposed hypothesis are contrasted to several testable astrophysical predictions. This paper also explains why we have not found any particle or fluid responsible for dark energy and clarifies the Cosmological Coincidence Problem. These explanations are achieved without assuming the existence of exotic matter of unphysical meaning or having to modify the Einstein's Field Equations.