Simulation of VHF signal generated by RREA

TL;DR

This paper presents a Monte-Carlo simulation method to calculate VHF radio signals generated by RREAs in electrified clouds, revealing a maximum emission frequency range of 0.1--1 MHz with signals below background noise.

Contribution

It introduces a novel Monte-Carlo simulation approach using GEANT4 to model VHF emissions from RREAs, a less studied aspect of these phenomena.

Findings

VHF radiation from RREAs peaks at 0.1--1 MHz.

VHF signal amplitude is below background noise.

Simulation provides insights into RREA radio emissions.

Abstract

Relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs) developing in electrified clouds produce gamma radiation which could be observed both on the ground surface and on near-Earth orbit. Radio emission of RREAs is a much less studied manifestation of the avalanche process. Meanwhile, VHF-radiation can be used as an additional source of information on conditions of the RREA development. We present the method of calculating the VHF signal produced by RREAs using Monte-Carlo simulation with GEANT4. We show that VHF radiation produced by runaway electrons has a maximum at frequency range 0.1--1 MHz, the amplitude is below the background noise.