Secure Massive RIS aided Multicast with Uncertain CSI: Energy-Efficiency Maximization via Accelerated First-Order Algorithms

TL;DR

This paper develops an energy-efficient secure transmission scheme using RIS under uncertain CSI, employing accelerated first-order algorithms to handle large-scale systems efficiently.

Contribution

It introduces a novel optimization framework for secure RIS-assisted transmission with probabilistic constraints and proposes a low-complexity accelerated first-order algorithm for large-scale scenarios.

Findings

The proposed algorithm achieves similar performance to traditional methods.

It reduces computation time by at least two orders of magnitude.

RIS significantly improves energy efficiency under CSI uncertainty.

Abstract

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has the potential to significantly enhance the network secure transmission performance by reconfiguring the wireless propagation environment. However, due to the passive nature of eavesdroppers and the cascaded channel brought by the RIS, the eavesdroppers' channel state information is imperfectly obtained at the base station. Under the channel uncertainty, the optimal phase-shift, power allocation, and transmission rate design for secure transmission is currently unknown due to the difficulty of handling the probabilistic constraint with coupled variables. To fill this gap, this paper formulates a problem of energy-efficient secure transmission design while incorporating the probabilistic constraint. By transforming the probabilistic constraint and decoupling the variables, the secure energy efficiency maximization problem can be solved via alternatively executing concave-convex procedure and semidefinite relaxation technique. To scale the solution to massive antennas and reflecting elements scenario, an accelerated first-order algorithm with low complexity is further proposed.Simulation results show that the proposed accelerated first-order algorithm achieves identical performance to the conventional method but saves at least two orders of magnitude in computation time. Moreover, the resultant RIS aided secure transmission significantly improves the energy efficiency compared to baseline schemes of random phase-shift, fixed phase-shift, and RIS ignoring CSI uncertainty.