Dynamics of test particles around regular black holes in modified gravity

TL;DR

This paper investigates the properties and particle dynamics around regular MOG black holes, revealing how the MOG parameter influences stable orbits, energy efficiency, and magnetic interactions in the black hole environment.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of the spacetime structure and test particle motion around regular MOG black holes, including effects of magnetic fields and the MOG parameter on accretion disk properties.

Findings

MOG parameter mimics black hole spin effects on ISCOs.

Energy release efficiency increases linearly with MOG parameter, exceeding 15%.

Inner disk radius and width grow with magnetic and MOG parameters.

Abstract

In the work, we have presented detailed analyses of the event horizon and curvature properties of spacetime around a regular black hole in modified gravity so-called regular MOG black hole. The motion of neutral, electrically charged and magnetized particles with magnetic dipole moment, in the close environment of the regular MOG black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field has been also explored. Through the study on the motion of the neutral test particle, we have obtained that the positive (negative) values of the MOG parameter mimic the spin of a rotating Kerr black hole giving the same values for innermost stable pro-grade (retrograde) orbits of the particles in the range of the spin parameter $a/M \in(-0.4125, \ 0.6946)$. The efficiency of energy release from the accretion disk by the Novikov-Thorne model has been calculated and shown that the efficiency is linearly proportional to the increase of the MOG parameter $\alpha$, and exceeds up to 15 \% at the critical limiting value of the MOG parameter $\alpha_{\rm cr}$. The study of the charged particles dynamics has shown that innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of the particle increases with the increase of the MOG parameter, while the increase of cyclotron frequency being responsible to the magnetic interaction causes the decrease of the latter. Moreover, the dynamics of magnetic dipoles has shown that the increase of the MOG and the magnetic coupling parameters lead to an increase of the inner radius and the width of the accretion disk consisting of magnetized particles. Finally, we have focused on showing the range of values of the magnetic coupling parameter causing the orbits to be stable.