AstroSat Soft X-ray observations of the symbiotic recurrent nova V3890 Sgr during its 2019 outburst

TL;DR

This study presents AstroSat Soft X-ray observations of the recurrent nova V3890 Sgr during its 2019 outburst, revealing the evolution of shock and super soft source emissions, and providing spectral analysis of the white dwarf's atmosphere.

Contribution

First detailed AstroSat observations of V3890 Sgr's 2019 outburst, analyzing shock and super soft source emissions with spectral modeling to understand nova evolution.

Findings

Shock emission attributed to ejecta-companion interaction.

Detection of highly variable super soft source emission.

Elemental abundances lower in second observation period.

Abstract

Two long AstroSat Soft X-ray Telescope observations were taken of the third recorded outburst of the Symbiotic Recurrent Nova, V3890 Sgr. The first observing run, 8.1-9.9 days after the outburst, initially showed a stable intensity level with a hard X-ray spectrum that we attribute to shocks between the nova ejecta and the pre-existing stellar companion. On day 8.57, the first, weak, signs appeared of Super Soft Source (SSS) emission powered by residual burning on the surface of the White Dwarf. The SSS emission was observed to be highly variable on time scales of hours. After day 8.9, the SSS component was more stable and brighter. In the second observing run, on days 15.9-19.6 after the outburst, the SSS component was even brighter but still highly variable. The SSS emission was observed to fade significantly during days 16.8-17.8 followed by re-brightening. Meanwhile the shock component was stable leading to increase in hardness ratio during the period of fading. AstroSat and XMM-Newton observations have been used to study the spectral properties of V3890 Sgr to draw quantitative conclusions even if their drawback is model-dependence. We used the xspec to fit spectral models of plasma emission, and the best fits are consistent with the elemental abundances being lower during the second observing run compared to the first for spectra >1 keV. The SSS emission is well fit by non-local thermal equilibrium model atmosphere used for white dwarfs. The resulting spectral parameters, however, are subject to systematic uncertainties such as completeness of atomic data.