Gravitational radiation as the bremsstrahlung of superheavy particles in the early Universe

TL;DR

This paper calculates the creation of superheavy particles in the early Universe and examines how their collisions produce gravitational radiation, contributing to the Universe's background gravitational waves.

Contribution

It introduces a model for superheavy particle creation from vacuum and analyzes gravitational bremsstrahlung during their collisions.

Findings

Superheavy particles with GUT-scale mass are generated from vacuum during cosmic expansion.

Collisions of these particles emit gravitational radiation analogous to bremsstrahlung.

The effective background gravitational radiation from these processes is estimated.

Abstract

The number of superheavy particles with the mass of the Grand Unification scale with trans-Planckian energy created at the epoch of superheavy particle creation from vacuum by the gravitation of the expanding Universe is calculated. In later collisions of these particles gravitational radiation is radiated playing the role of bremsstrahlung for gravity. The effective background radiation of the Universe is evaluated.