Transport fluctuation relations in interacting quantum pumps

TL;DR

This paper investigates how many-body interactions and energy input affect fluctuation relations in adiabatically driven quantum systems, revealing a new way to probe correlations through fluctuation response corrections.

Contribution

It demonstrates that fluctuation relations in quantum pumps must include energy input considerations, especially in the presence of Coulomb interactions, revealing a novel method to probe many-body correlations.

Findings

Fluctuation relations require energy input considerations in driven quantum systems.

Coulomb interactions cause nonzero corrections to fluctuation relations.

Proposed measurement scheme to detect interaction effects in quantum dots.

Abstract

The understanding of out-of-equilibrium fluctuation relations in small open quantum systems has been a focal point of research in recent years. In particular, for systems with adiabatic time-dependent driving, it was shown that the fluctuation relations known from stationary systems do no longer apply due the geometric nature of the pumping current response. However, the precise physical interpretation of the corrected pumping fluctuation relations as well as the role of many-body interactions remained unexplored. Here, we study quantum systems with many-body interactions subject to slow time-dependent driving, and show that fluctuation relations of the charge current can in general not be formulated without taking into account the total energy current put into the system through the pumping process. Moreover, we show that this correction due to the input energy is nonzero only when Coulomb-interactions are present. Thus, fluctuation response relations offer an until now unrevealed opportunity to probe many-body correlations in quantum systems. We demonstrate our general findings at the concrete example of a single-level quantum dot model, and propose a scheme to measure the interaction-induced discrepancies from the stationary case.