Automorphic Forms and Fermion Masses

TL;DR

This paper generalizes modular invariant supersymmetric theories to include automorphic forms from more complex discrete groups, constructing explicit models with potential applications to fermion mass hierarchies.

Contribution

It introduces a framework connecting automorphic forms with supersymmetric theories, extending the scope beyond traditional modular invariance and providing explicit constructions for various groups.

Findings

Constructed minimal Kähler potential and superpotential for general groups and matter content.

Specialized the framework to Siegel modular forms for $g=2$, relevant to particle physics.

Presented models for lepton and quark masses using Siegel modular forms of level 2.

Abstract

We extend the framework of modular invariant supersymmetric theories to encompass invariance under more general discrete groups $\Gamma$, that allow the presence of several moduli and make connection with the theory of automorphic forms. Moduli span a coset space $G/K$, where $G$ is a Lie group and $K$ is a compact subgroup of $G$, modded out by $\Gamma$. For a general choice of $G$, $K$, $\Gamma$ and a generic matter content, we explicitly construct a minimal K\"ahler potential and a general superpotential, for both rigid and local $N=1$ supersymmetric theories. We also specialize our construction to the case $G=Sp(2g,R)$, $K=U(g)$ and $\Gamma=Sp(2g,Z)$, whose automorphic forms are Siegel modular forms. We show how our general theory can be consistently restricted to multi-dimensional regions of the moduli space enjoying residual symmetries. After choosing $g=2$, we present several examples of models for lepton and quark masses where Yukawa couplings are Siegel modular forms of level 2.