Fundamental physical constants at low and high redshifts

TL;DR

This paper discusses variations in fundamental physical constants over cosmic time, analyzing astronomical measurements of the electron-to-proton mass ratio at different redshifts, and models these changes with a power law suggesting scalar field dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a power law model for the variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio across redshifts, indicating a possible dynamical scalar field influence.

Findings

The fractional change in mu follows a power law with redshift.

The power law parameters suggest a dynamical scalar field.

Variations are consistent from low to high redshifts.

Abstract

Spacetime variations of physical constants can be associated with the existence of Higgs-like scalar field(s) that couple non-universally to the baryonic matter. Recent results of astronomical spectral measurements of the fractional changes in the electron-to-proton mass ratio, mu = m_e/m_p, at low (z ~ 0) and high (z ~ 6.5) redshifts are discussed. It is shown that the distribution of the most accurate estimates of Delta mu/mu = (mu_obs - mu_lab)/mu_lab ranging between z = 0 and z ~ 1100 can be approximated by a power low Delta mu/mu = k_mu (1+z)^p, with k_mu = (1.7 +/- 0.3)x10^-8 and p = 1.99 +/- 0.03, implying a dynamical nature of the scalar field(s).