Broadband terahertz probes of anisotropic magnetoresistance disentangle extrinsic and intrinsic contributions

TL;DR

This study uses broadband terahertz spectroscopy to distinguish intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to anisotropic magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic thin films, revealing material-dependent behaviors relevant for ultrafast spintronics.

Contribution

It demonstrates a method to separate intrinsic and extrinsic AMR components across a broad frequency range, highlighting the intrinsic AMR in cobalt thin films.

Findings

Ni-based samples are predominantly extrinsic in AMR.

Cobalt exhibits a significant intrinsic AMR component.

Intrinsic AMR in Co remains constant up to 28 THz.

Abstract

Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is a ubiquitous and versatile probe of magnetic order in contemporary spintronics research. Its origins are usually ascribed to extrinsic effects (i.e. spin-dependent electron scattering), whereas intrinsic (i.e. scattering-independent) contributions are neglected. Here, we measure AMR of polycrystalline thin films of the standard ferromagnets Co, Ni, Ni81Fe19 and Ni50Fe50 over the frequency range from DC to 28 THz. The large bandwidth covers the regimes of both diffusive and ballistic intraband electron transport and, thus, allows us to separate extrinsic and intrinsic AMR components. Analysis of the THz response based on Boltzmann transport theory reveals that the AMR of the Ni, Ni81Fe19 and Ni50Fe50 samples is of predominantly extrinsic nature. However, the Co thin film exhibits a sizeable intrinsic AMR contribution, which is constant up to 28 THz and amounts to more than 2/3 of the DC AMR contrast of 1%. These features are attributed to the hexagonal structure of the Co crystallites. They are interesting for applications in terahertz spintronics and terahertz photonics. Our results show that broadband terahertz electromagnetic pulses provide new and contact-free insights into magneto-transport phenomena of standard magnetic thin films on ultrafast time scales.