TL;DR
Dome A in Antarctica offers exceptional conditions for various astronomical observations, with recent progress in site testing and instrumentation development advancing the field, despite existing challenges.
Contribution
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the development, recent progress, and challenges of astronomy at Dome A, highlighting its unique observational advantages.
Findings
Excellent free-atmosphere seeing at Dome A
Extremely low water vapor levels
Successful site testing results
Abstract
Dome A in Antarctica has been demonstrated to be the best site on earth for optical, infrared, and terahertz astronomical observations by more and more evidence, such as excellent free-atmosphere seeing, extremely low perceptible water vapor, low sky background, and continuous dark time, etc. In this review paper, we present a complete picture of the development of astronomy at Dome A from the very beginning, review recent progress in time-domain astronomy, demonstrate exciting results of the site testing, and address the challenges in instrumentation. Currently proposed projects are briefly discussed.
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