The Impact of Disturbed Galaxy Clusters on the Kinematics of Active Galactic Nuclei

TL;DR

This study analyzes how galaxy cluster dynamics influence AGN kinematics, revealing that merging clusters host younger, more active AGN populations with distinct velocity dispersion profiles compared to relaxed clusters.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed comparison of AGN kinematics in merging versus relaxed galaxy clusters using SDSS data and a novel substructure-based classification.

Findings

Merging clusters host kinematically active AGN within 0-1.5 r200.

AGN in merging clusters show significant deviation in velocity dispersion profiles.

Non-merging clusters' AGN are mostly in backsplash regions, indicating older populations.

Abstract

We produce a kinematic analysis of AGN-hosting cluster galaxies from a sample 33 galaxy clusters selected using the X-ray Clusters Database (BAX) and populated with galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 8 (DR8). The 33 galaxy clusters are delimited by their relative intensity of member galaxy substructuring as a proxy to core merging to derive two smaller sub-samples of 8 dynamically active (merging) and 25 dynamically relaxed (non-merging) states. The AGN were selected for each cluster sub-sample by employing the WHAN diagram to the strict criteria of log$_{10}$([NII]/H$\alpha$)$\geq-0.32$ and EW$_{\mathrm{H}\alpha}$ $\geq$ 6{\AA}, providing pools of 70 merging and 225 non-merging AGN sub-populations. By co-adding the clusters to their respective dynamical states to improve the signal-to-noise of our AGN sub-populations we find that merging galaxy clusters on average host kinematically active AGN between 0-1.5 $r_{200}$ as $r_{200}\rightarrow0$, where their velocity dispersion profile (VDP) presents a significant deviation from the non-AGN sub-population VDP by $\gtrsim3\sigma$. This result is indicative that the AGN-hosting cluster galaxies have recently coalesced onto a common potential. Further analysis of the composite distributions illustrate non-merging AGN-hosting sub-populations have, on average, already been accreted and predominantly lie within backsplash regions of the projected phase-space. This suggests merging cluster dynamical states hold relatively younger AGN sub-populations kinematically compared with those found in non-merging cluster dynamical states.