Magnetostriction in elastomers with mixtures of magnetically hard and soft microparticles: effects of non-linear magnetization and matrix rigidity

TL;DR

This study investigates magnetostriction in elastomers containing both hard and soft magnetic particles, using molecular dynamics and continuum models to understand their complex deformation behavior under magnetic fields.

Contribution

It introduces a combined modeling approach to analyze magnetostriction in mixed-particle elastomers, revealing non-trivial deformation patterns and the effects of matrix rigidity.

Findings

Both models predict re-entrant axial deformation under magnetic field variation.

Magnetization saturation influences the magnetic response significantly.

Matrix rigidity affects the extent of deformation.

Abstract

In this contribution a magnetoactive elastomer (MAE) of mixed content, i.e., a polymer matrix filled with a mixture of magnetically soft and magnetically hard spherical particles, is considered. The object we focus at is an elementary unit of this composite, for which we take a set consisting of a permanent spherical micromagnet surrounded by an elastomer layer filled with magnetically soft microparticles. We present a comparative treatment of this unit from two essentially different viewpoints. The first one is a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation model, which presents the composite as a bead-spring assembly and is able to deliver information of all the microstructural changes of the assembly. The second approach is entirely based on the continuum magnetomechanical description of the system, whose direct yield is the macroscopic field-induced response of the MAE to external field, as this model ignores all the microstructural details of the magnetization process. We find that, differing in certain details, both frameworks are coherent in predicting that a unit comprising magnetically soft and hard particles may display a non-trivial re-entrant (prolate/oblate/prolate) axial deformation under variation of the applied field strength. The flexibility of the proposed combination of the two complementary frameworks enables us to look deeper into the manifestation of the magnetic response: with respect to the magnetically soft particles, we compare the linear regime of magnetization to that with saturation, which we describe by the Fr\"{o}hlich-Kennelly approximation; with respect to the polymer matrix, we analyze the dependence of the re-rentrant deformation on its rigidity.