Novel feature of doubly bubble nuclei in 50$\leq$Z(N)$\leq$82 region along with magicity and weakly bound structure

TL;DR

This paper reveals a new type of doubly bubble nuclei with central density depletion in the 50≤Z(N)≤82 region, highlighting the role of specific single-particle states and exploring shell closures and magicity using the RMF approach.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of doubly bubble nuclei with central density depletion and systematically studies their properties and shell closures in this nuclear region.

Findings

Identification of central density depletion in proton and neutron densities.

Role of 2d-3s single-particle states in halo and bubble formation.

Emergence of new shell closures and magicity in the region.

Abstract

In this work, we identify a unique and novel feature of central density depletion in both proton and neutron named as doubly bubble nuclei in 50$\leq$Z(N)$\leq$82 region. The major role of 2d-3s single-particle (s.p.) states in the existence of halo and bubble nuclei is probed. The occupancy in s.p. state 3s$_{1/2}$ leads to the extended neutron density distribution or halo while the unoccupancy results in the central density depletion. By employing the Relativistic Mean-Field (RMF) approach along with NL3* parameter, the separation energies, single-particle energies, pairing energies, proton, and neutron density profiles along with deformations of even-even nuclei are investigated. Our results are in concise with few other theories and available experimental data. Emergence on new shell closure and the magicity of conventional shell closures are explored systematically in this yet unknown region.