Dippers from the TESS Full-Frame Images I: The Results of the first 1 year data and Discovery of A Runaway dipper

TL;DR

This paper catalogs young stellar objects called dippers from TESS data, discovering new ones, including old dippers with debris disks and a runaway star, revealing their distribution and potential origins.

Contribution

First comprehensive catalog of TESS-detected dippers, including new discoveries, analysis of their ages, disks, and kinematics, highlighting their distribution and origins.

Findings

Identified 35 dippers, mostly new discoveries.

Discovered old dippers with debris disks.

Found a runaway old dipper with high velocity.

Abstract

We present a comprehensive catalog of the dippers---young stellar objects that exhibit episodic dimming---derived from the one year's worth of data of Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite ($ TESS$) full-frame images. In the survey, we found 35 dippers using the convolutional neural network, most of them newly discovered. Although these dippers are widely distributed over the first half-hemisphere that $TESS$ surveyed, we identified the majority's membership with the nearest association Scorpius--Centaurus, Velorum OB2, and nearby Orion molecular cloud complex. However, several dippers are likely to be located in the field. We also found three old dippers whose age exceeds ten million year, which is considered as the disk dissipation time. The color-color diagram indicates that these old dippers are likely to have an extreme debris disk. In particular, we found a runaway old dipper having a large three-dimensional velocity of $72 \mathrm{km\ s}^{-1}$. The dippers in the field, which were probably escaping from their birth molecular clouds or were born outside the current area of star forming regions, are more common than previously considered.