Radially and azimuthally excited states of a soliton system of vortex and Q-ball

TL;DR

This paper explores the properties of a two-dimensional vortex-Q-ball soliton system, analyzing excited states, magnetic flux, angular momentum, and behavior under various coupling constants and regimes.

Contribution

It introduces the study of radially and azimuthally excited states of vortex-Q-ball systems and examines their properties across different physical regimes.

Findings

Existence of excited vortex-Q-ball states with nonzero angular momentum.

Behavior of the system varies significantly in thin-wall and thick-wall regimes.

The system maintains a nonzero electric field despite being electrically neutral overall.

Abstract

In the present paper, we continue to study the two-dimensional soliton system that is composed of vortex and Q-ball components interacting with each other through an Abelian gauge field. This vortex-Q-ball system is electrically neutral as a whole, nevertheless it possesses a nonzero electric field. Moreover, the vortex-Q-ball system has a quantized magnetic flux and a nonzero angular momentum, and combines properties of topological and nontopological solitons. We investigate radially and azimuthally excited states of the vortex-Q-ball system along with the unexcited vortex-Q-ball system at different values of gauge coupling constants. We also ascertain the behaviour of the vortex-Q-ball system in several extreme regimes, including thin-wall and thick-wall regimes.