Transient Classification in low SNR Gravitational Wave data using Deep Learning

TL;DR

This paper explores deep learning techniques, including supervised and unsupervised models, to detect and classify low SNR transient signals in gravitational wave data, aiming for real-time analysis and improved noise discrimination.

Contribution

It introduces a combined approach of supervised deep learning and unsupervised feature extraction methods for transient classification in gravitational wave data, enhancing detection accuracy in low SNR conditions.

Findings

Deep learning models outperform traditional methods in transient classification.

Unsupervised feature extraction improves noise reduction and signal clarity.

The approach is suitable for real-time gravitational wave data analysis.

Abstract

The recent advances in Gravitational-wave astronomy have greatly accelerated the study of Multimessenger astrophysics. There is a need for the development of fast and efficient algorithms to detect non-astrophysical transients and noises due to the rate and scale at which the data is being provided by LIGO and other gravitational wave observatories. These transients and noises can interfere with the study of gravitational waves and binary mergers and induce false positives. Here, we propose the use of deep learning algorithms to detect and classify these transient signals. Traditional statistical methods are not well designed for dealing with temporal signals but supervised deep learning techniques such as RNN-LSTM and deep CNN have proven to be effective for solving problems such as time-series forecasting and time-series classification. We also use unsupervised models such as Total variation, Principal Component Analysis, Support Vector Machine, Wavelet decomposition or Random Forests for feature extraction and noise reduction and then study the results obtained by RNN-LSTM and deep CNN for classifying the transients in low-SNR signals. We compare the results obtained by the combination of various unsupervised models and supervised models. This method can be extended to real-time detection of transients and merger signals using deep-learning optimized GPU's for early prediction and study of various astronomical events. We will also explore and compare other machine learning models such as MLP, Stacked Autoencoder, Random forests, extreme learning machine, Support Vector machine and logistic regression classifier.