On boundary correlations in planar Ashkin-Teller models

TL;DR

This paper extends the switching lemma to the Ashkin-Teller model, deriving linear relations for boundary correlations, and unifies Pfaffian identities with boundary correlation inequalities in planar Ising and Ashkin-Teller models.

Contribution

It generalizes the switching lemma to the Ashkin-Teller model and establishes linear relations for boundary correlations using topological properties.

Findings

Linear relations for multi-point boundary correlations derived.

Boundary correlations satisfy identities similar to Pfaffians.

Inequalities like Simon and Gaussian are established for negative coupling constants.

Abstract

We generalize the switching lemma of Griffiths, Hurst and Sherman to the random current representation of the Ashkin-Teller model. We then use it together with properties of two-dimensional topology to derive linear relations for multi-point boundary spin correlations and bulk order-disorder correlations in planar models. We also show that the same linear relations are satisfied by products of Pfaffians. As a result a clear picture arises in the noninteracting case of two independent Ising models where multi-point correlation functions are given by Pfaffians and determinants of their respective two-point functions. This gives a unified treatment of both the classical Pfaffian identities and recent total positivity inequalities for boundary spin correlations in the planar Ising model. We also derive the Simon and Gaussian inequality for general Ashkin-Teller models with negative four-body coupling constants.