Dynamical energy loss formalism: from describing suppression patterns to implications for future experiments

TL;DR

This paper introduces the dynamical energy loss formalism for Quark-Gluon Plasma, incorporating realistic medium dynamics, and demonstrates its effectiveness in predicting suppression patterns and flow observables in heavy-ion collisions.

Contribution

The paper presents the development of the DREENA framework, enabling accurate predictions of jet quenching observables with a realistic dynamical medium and fixed parameters, advancing QGP tomography capabilities.

Findings

Predictions with constant temperature overestimate $v_2$, but align with analytical estimates.

Including medium evolution improves agreement with $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ data.

Proposes a new path length sensitive suppression ratio observable.

Abstract

Understanding properties of Quark-Gluon Plasma requires an unbiased comparison of experimental data with theoretical predictions. To that end, we developed the dynamical energy loss formalism which, in distinction to most other methods, takes into account a realistic medium composed of dynamical scattering centers. The formalism also allows making numerical predictions for a wide number of observables with the same parameter set fixed to standard literature values. In this proceedings, we overview our recently developed DREENA-C and DREENA-B frameworks, where DREENA is a computational implementation of the dynamical energy loss formalism, and where C stands for constant temperature QCD medium, while B stands for the medium modeled by 1+1D Bjorken expansion. At constant temperature our predictions overestimate $v_2$, in contrast to other models, but consistent with simple analytical estimates. With Bjorken expansion, we have a good agreement of the predictions with both $R_{AA}$ and $v_2$ measurements. We find that introducing medium evolution has a larger effect on $v_2$ predictions, but for precision predictions it has to be taken into account in $R_{AA}$ predictions as well. Based on numerical calculations and simple analytical derivations, we also propose a new observable, which we call path length sensitive suppression ratio, for which we argue that the path length dependence can be assessed in a straightforward manner. We also argue that $Pb+Pb$ vs. $Xe+Xe$ measurements make a good system to assess the path length dependence. As an outlook, we expect that introduction of more complex medium evolution (beyond Bjorken expansion) in the dynamical energy loss formalism can provide a basis for a state of the art QGP tomography tool - e.g. to jointly constrain the medium properties from the point of both high pt and low pt data.