Giant piezoresistive effect and strong band gap tunability in ultrathin InSe upon biaxial strain

TL;DR

This study demonstrates that ultrathin InSe exhibits a giant piezoresistive effect and significant band gap tunability under biaxial strain, enabling highly sensitive strain sensors and tunable photodetectors.

Contribution

It reveals a strong strain-induced band gap modulation and piezoresistive response in ultrathin InSe, surpassing other 2D materials and silicon strain gauges.

Findings

Band gap tunability with gauge factor up to ~200 meV/%

Piezoresistive gauge factor of ~450-1000, much higher than other 2D materials

Spectral response redshift of ~173 meV with strain

Abstract

The ultrathin nature and dangling bonds free surface of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors allow for significant modifications of their band gap through strain engineering. Here, thin InSe photodetector devices are biaxially stretched, finding, a strong band gap tunability upon strain. The applied biaxial strain is controlled through the substrate expansion upon temperature increase and the effective strain transfer from the substrate to the thin InSe is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The band gap change upon biaxial strain is determined through photoluminescence measurements, finding a gauge factor of up to ~200 meV/%. We further characterize the effect of biaxial strain on the electrical properties of the InSe devices. In the dark state, a large increase of the current is observed upon applied strain which gives a piezoresistive gauge factor value of ~450-1000, ~5-12 times larger than that of other 2D materials and of state-of-the-art silicon strain gauges. Moreover, the biaxial strain tuning of the InSe band gap also translates in a strain-induced redshift of the spectral response of our InSe photodetectors with {\Delta}Ecut-off ~173 meV at a rate of ~360 meV/% of strain, indicating a strong strain tunability of the spectral bandwidth of the photodetectors.