Misinformation and its stakeholders in Europe: a web-based analysis

TL;DR

This paper reviews misinformation in Europe and analyzes key stakeholders' actions and impacts using web-based methods, highlighting the roles and effectiveness of various actors in combating misinformation.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive literature review and introduces a webometrics analysis of stakeholders involved in addressing misinformation in Europe.

Findings

Identified main stakeholders involved in misinformation mitigation

Analyzed actions taken by stakeholders to combat misinformation

Assessed the impact of these actions on misinformation spread

Abstract

The rise of the internet and computational power in recent years allowed for the exponential growth of misinformation phenomena. An issue that was a non-issue a decade ago, became a challenge for societal cohesion. The emergence of this new threat has led many stakeholders, especially in Europe, to act in order to tackle this phenomenon. This paper provides in its first part a literature review on misinformation in Europe, and in its second part a webometrics analysis on the identified key stakeholders. In the results we discuss who those stakeholders are, what actions do they perform to limit misinformation and whether those actions have an impact.