What Have Google's Random Quantum Circuit Simulation Experiments Demonstrated about Quantum Supremacy?

TL;DR

This paper reviews Google's quantum supremacy experiments, arguing that they do not definitively settle the debate and highlighting open questions in demonstrating true quantum advantage.

Contribution

It provides an overview of Google's experiments and critically analyzes their implications, emphasizing unresolved issues in quantum supremacy demonstrations.

Findings

Google's experiments suggest quantum advantage but are not conclusive

Open questions remain about the scalability and verification of quantum supremacy

The debate over quantum supremacy is still ongoing

Abstract

Quantum computing is of high interest because it promises to perform at least some kinds of computations much faster than classical computers. Arute et al. 2019 (informally, "the Google Quantum Team") report the results of experiments that purport to demonstrate "quantum supremacy" -- the claim that the performance of some quantum computers is better than that of classical computers on some problems. Do these results close the debate over quantum supremacy? We argue that they do not. We provide an overview of the Google Quantum Team's experiments, then identify some open questions in the quest to demonstrate quantum supremacy.