The linkedness of cubical polytopes: The cube

TL;DR

This paper investigates the linkedness properties of cubical polytopes, establishing maximum linkedness for cubes and introducing the concept of strong linkedness, with implications for graph connectivity in high-dimensional polytopes.

Contribution

It proves that d-dimensional cubes are maximally k-linked for k = floor((d+1)/2), and introduces the notion of strong linkedness, extending linkedness results.

Findings

d-cubes are floor((d+1)/2)-linked for all d ≠ 3

Cubical d-polytopes are floor(d/2)-linked for all d ≥ 1

d-cubes are strongly floor(d/2)-linked, and 4-polytopes are strongly 2-linked

Abstract

The paper is concerned with the linkedness of the graphs of cubical polytopes. A graph with at least $2k$ vertices is \textit{$k$-linked} if, for every set of $k$ disjoint pairs of vertices, there are $k$ vertex-disjoint paths joining the vertices in the pairs. We say that a polytope is \textit{$k$-linked} if its graph is $k$-linked. We establish that the $d$-dimensional cube is $\lfloor(d+1)/2\rfloor$-linked, for every $d\ne 3$; this is the maximum possible linkedness of a $d$-polytope. This result implies that, for every $d\ge 1$, a cubical $d$-polytope is $\lfloor{d/2}\rfloor$-linked, which answers a question of Wotzlaw \cite{Ron09}. Finally, we introduce the notion of strong linkedness, which is slightly stronger than that of linkedness. A graph $G$ is {\it strongly $k$-linked} if it has at least $2k+1$ vertices and, for every vertex $v$ of $G$, the subgraph $G-v$ is $k$-linked. We show that cubical 4-polytopes are strongly $2$-linked and that, for each $d\ge 1$, $d$-dimensional cubes are strongly $\lfloor{d/2}\rfloor$-linked.